| Carbon Offset at a profit Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd specializes in the commercial production of renewable energy to offset carbon emissions. Climate Change is a subject pertinent to everyone, and it is now possible for companies, individuals and funds to offset carbon emissions at a profit. With growing concerns on climate change there has been increased pressure on responsible green investments and very limited options to invest so that every pound sterling invested produces new renewable energy. Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd can advise on new projects offering a safe and very reasonable rate of return of 10% that produce entirely new sustainable electricity. India is unique in its very ambitious energy policy and in order to encourage investment in renewable energy is offering large incentives to companies and individuals interested in the production of sustainable energy. Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd have conducted research on Biomass, Biomass Gasification, Biodiesel from Jatropha, mini Hydro, Solar Thermal, Solar Transport, Solar PV and Wind, though at present only the latter two make commercial sense. Indian Energy Policy
India has set out a staggeringly ambitious energy policy to help ensure their energy security and reduce their reliance on imported fossil fuels. The energy policy steers heavily towards production of renewable energy in particular energy produced from wind, photovoltaic and thermal solar with production of electricity from Solar to reach 300 GW by 2050, more than the total current Indian consumption. India suffers from large energy shortages with much of rural India still having no access to grid electricity and still relying on kerosene lamps and diesel generators to pump water. This current shortage and increasing demand has meant that the state governments are awarding high guaranteed feed in tariffs for project life spans. Although the returns are not the same for foreign investors as for Indian tax payers, as they can claim 80% depreciation, but currently the rate of return that is received is far above European base rates. UK Energy Policy
Recent changes to home produced Renewable Energy does enable UK home owners the opportunity of reasonable returns for modest investment. We offer advice for UK wind and solar PV projects. Rewards and Risks Currency It is not easy to hedge the Indian Rupee. Investors need to make their own assessments, but we are comfortable with some of our assets being in one of the fastest growing economies offering a good rate of return. Investors are encouraged to visit projects and experience the vibrant Indian economy. Wind
Patterns do change and there was a fall in wind speeds in Jaisalmer in 2004/2006 but it has since returned to normal although the peak months are moving from May / July to July / September. As much of the wind is created from the heating and cooling of the desert, it is possible that wind speeds will increase with Global Warming. A wind database is held within the Company. Grid Availability
The Indian Government has built a good grid system and at present offers in most states 100% availability. Due to the current and projected demand forecasts most States will be keen to transmit as much renewable electricity as possible. India has one of the fastest expanding grid systems, with many of the rural areas beginning to be given grid electricity that is necessary to pump water from great depths for irrigation. Added to this is the large increase on electrical demand from urban areas, where standards of living are rising with greater use of electrical appliances and air conditioning. Solar Irradiation
Levels have fallen over the last decade, but the reduction of atmospheric pollution may reverse this trend. Costings for Solar PV projects are based on current irradiation levels with analysis available to clients. Political Risk
Investors have to realize there are risks in investing in developing economies, but of the two leaders China and India we prefer the latter as democracy and the judicial system are historically based on the British experience. Within India, States offer varying incentives to ensure they meet their Government set targets, so importance is given to ensure the best location is selected. Indian Renewable Energy Possibilities Wind
Wind is currently the selected option as packages including purchase, operation and maintenance, together with sales to Government utilities at guaranteed prices are available for the complete life of the project. Solar Probably the next opportunity for investment as the Indian Government has decreed major incentives and very high targets. We are working with a number of operators to offer packages suitable for the European market. Solar PV has the great advantage of being easy to unitize, low maintenance, long life and production at peak demand periods. Solar Thermal
There will be many plants built in India, but they are unlikely to be packaged for sale to individual investors. Biomass Gasification
Undoubtedly an interesting energy source with small plants being built and operated successfully. There are potential opportunities in village electrification schemes but at present there are no Government guarantees. Many traditional village Biogas plants were installed in the 1990's but a proportion of these have fallen out of use. Biodiesel
Much has been written about the planting of Jatropha to produce Biodiesel and Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd have a two acre research unit. Results have been extremely disappointing and at this stage we would be wary of advising any clients to invest.Company Philosophy
The Company is run on strictly commercial lines with the objectives to increase the asset base under the favorable tax treatment of the Indian Government's campaign to promote renewable energy, an objective we wholehearted support and wish to promote. To increase the asset base the Managing Director and Directors do not take salaries and it is intended to limit total office expenditure to a minimum. Clients are to date only advised to invest in projects where Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd have invested or will co -invest. Initial investments have not been without problems, but we believe the projects for wind turbine investment have been resolved. Five per cent of profits are used for Sustainable Energy projects some of which, for example the solar boats in Kerala, are purely promoting the use of Sustainable Transport while others such as Jatropha research, solar vehicles and Biomass gasification may lead to future profitable investment by ourselves or others. Malcolm Moss BSc, who is the Managing Director, had a successful career in the oil and chemical industries being a co founder of the International Petroleum Exchange. Mrs Yvers Lancaster is an executive Director and Hemang Shah a non executive director. James R Moss M Eng who has graduated from Leeds University having studied Engineering and Renewable Energy, is senior technical officer. We have been involved in renewable energy in India and the UK for 16 years commencing with the World's first commercial solar powered water taxi and moving on through solar ferries to solar vehicles. By investing in true renewable energy projects Moss Energy (Pvt) Ltd generates over one million Kilowatt hours of carbon free electricity per annum. | 
